Performance, competition, and structural change in the university sector: the case of Germany
AuthorsU. Cantner, N. Grashof, T. Grebel, X. ZhangYear of publicationPublished in:Journal of evolutionary economics: JEE
This article analyzes the development of performance and structure in the German higher education sector, with a particular focus on policy measures to strengthen university autonomy (2009) and the Excellence Initiative (2006–2012). The analysis is based on data at the university level, covers the period 2000–2016, and uses a conditional, nonparametric approach to measure productivity as well as its dynamics using the Malmquist index. With regard to autonomy policy, we note that the decline in productivity growth in teaching observed since 2005, which even turned negative in 2012, could be related to the fact that autonomous universities were unable to match the growth in academic staff to the growth in graduate numbers. With regard to the Excellence Initiative and its goal of promoting research performance, we find significant differences between excellence-funded and non-excellence-funded universities. Research productivity follows a U-shaped pattern over time, with a recovery of productivity growth starting around 2010. Here, non-excellence-funded universities show stronger recovery and performance gains than excellence-funded universities, especially in quality-adjusted research. Overall, the Excellence Initiative promoted competition and structural change by enabling in particular non-excellence-funded universities to improve their performance even more.
Towards a new role of the state for transformative innovation
AuthorsU. Cantner, D. Fornahl, S. KuhlmannYear of publicationPublished in:The New Role of the State for Transformative Innovation: An International Research Handbook
Technological sovereignty of an economy: mastery and availability of key enabling technologies
AuthorsU. Cantner, H. Dauchert, L. Dreier, P. Figge, C. HäusslerYear of publicationPublished in:The New Role of the State for Transformative Innovation: An International Research Handbook
Afterword: dawn of a libertarian and conflictual era
AuthorsU. Cantner, D. Fornahl, S. KuhlmannYear of publicationPublished in:The New Role of the State for Transformative Innovation: An International Research Handbook
The New Role of the State for Transformative Innovation: An International Research Handbook
Year of publication
"This comprehensive Handbook explores the multifaceted and evolving role of the state in driving innovation, with a view to addressing the grand societal challenges, including sustainability, social inclusivity and economic transformation. Drawing on current debates, contributing authors illustrate how states can create resilient innovation systems in order to mitigate the unprecedented societal and environmental challenges of the 21st century. They examine theoretical frameworks, policy styles and practical tools for government intervention, highlighting the balance between regulation, incentivization and active participation. Chapters outline how the state can function as a regulator, innovator, orchestrator and social advocate across various contexts, with examples from advanced economies, emerging markets and the Global South. Foregrounding novel policy directions and approaches, such as mission-oriented policies, systemic innovation tools and agile governance, this Handbook sets a transformative agenda for future research and practice. This volume is an essential resource for scholars and students in the fields of innovation studies, economics, political science, and environmental and sustainability studies. Providing actionable strategies for technological and social change, it is also greatly beneficial to policymakers and practitioners in innovation and economic development"--
Authenticity or strategy? How universities communicate the Sustainable Development Goals
AuthorsB. Ozgun, N. Grashof, H. Graf, T. BroekelYear of publicationPublished in:Humanities and Social Sciences Communications
Universities play a crucial role in advancing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through education, research, and public engagement. This study examines how universities communicate their contributions to the SDGs, analyzing over 100,000 press releases and more than 2 million publications from 76 German institutions across two decades. Our findings reveal significant variation in SDG-related communication across institutions, with the most active universities communicating up to five times more intensely than the average. These differences are partially explained by structural factors such as international orientation and the proportion of STEM students. Importantly, we observe a weakening of the historical link between SDG-focused research and communication efforts over time, suggesting a shift toward more strategic outreach practices. This evolution underscores a growing challenge for universities: to balance research-driven transparency with strategic messaging, maintaining public trust while amplifying their impact on sustainable development.
Mapping technology diffusion with AI: A web-based approach for tracking additive manufacturing adoption
AuthorsJ. Schwierzy, R. Dehghan, S. Schmidt, N. Grashof, H. Hottenrott, M. WoywodeYear of publicationPublished in:International Journal of Information Management Data Insights